Washington: Blue light emitted from smartphones and other digital devices can accelerate blindness by transforming vital molecules in the eye China non corrosive fitting manufacturer retina into cell killers, a study has found."It's toxic. It can kill any cell type," Karunarathne said.end-ofTags: smartphones, digital devices, blindness, retinaLocation: United States, Washington. If you shine blue light on retinal, the retinal kills photoreceptor cells as the signalling molecule on the membrane dissolves," said Kasun Ratnayake, a PhD student researcher working in Karunarathne's group. Our experiments explain how this happens, and we hope this leads to therapies that slow macular degeneration, such as a new kind of eye drop," said Karunarathne. Those cells need molecules called retinal to sense light and trigger a cascade of signalling to the brain.

Blue light emitted from smartphones and other digital devices can accelerate blindness by transforming vital molecules in the eye's retina into cell killers, a study has found."No activity is sparked with green, yellow or red light."We are being exposed to blue light continuously, and the eye's cornea and lens cannot block or reflect it," said Ajith Karunarathne, an assistant professor at University of Toledo in the US. Blue light alone or retinal without blue light had no effect on cells. Karunarathne introduced retinal molecules to other cell types in the body, such as cancer cells, heart cells and neurons.The study, published in the journal Scientific Reports, found that blue light exposure causes retinal to trigger reactions that generate poisonous chemical molecules in photoreceptor cells. However, as a person ages or the immune system is suppressed, people lose the ability to fight against the attack by retinal and blue light. in the UT Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, said.When exposed to blue light, these cell types died as a result of the combination with retinal.

"If you look at the amount of light coming out of your cell phone, it's not great but it seems tolerable," Dr. When they're dead, they're dead for good," said Ratnayak. The retinal-generated toxicity by blue light is universal."Photoreceptor cells do not regenerate in the eye."Some cell phone companies are adding blue-light filters to the screens, and I think that is a good idea," said John Payton, visiting assistant professor at University of Toledo.Blue light exposure causes retinal to trigger reactions that generate poisonous chemical molecules in photoreceptor cells. The researcher found that a molecule called alpha tocoferol, a Vitamin E derivative and a natural antioxidant in the eye and body, stops the cells from dying.Macular degeneration, an incurable eye disease that results in significant vision loss starting on average in a person's 50s or 60s, is the death of photoreceptor cells in the retina."It's no secret that blue light harms our vision by damaging the eye's retina.

"The eye surface is densely covered with column-like structures.In the second step, the gold-studded crossroads serve as mask in a chemical etching process.5 per cent or higher light transmittance for the wavelengths in the near infrared light (NIR) range. To imitate the moth eye principle, scientists developed a two-step process.&led vapor tight fixture manufacturers039; (Source: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Institute) Inspired by moth eyes, scientists have developed a new technology that manipulates surfaces to make them 'invisible. Inspired by moth eyes, scientists have developed a new technology that manipulates surfaces to make them 'invisible.It largely increases the light transmittance through surfaces.Now, scientists at Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems in Germany have introduced an alternative technology.There is no glow of light bouncing off the moth's eyes to betray their presence to potential predators. The structured surfaces covered as much as two by two centimetres. However, this coating works optimally only within a narrow wavelength range.Most lenses, objectives, eyeglass lenses and lasers come with an anti-reflective coating.

As a result, no material is etched away underneath the gold-studded crossroads, and the desired upright column-like structures remain.In the first step, they deposited gold particles in a regular honeycomb pattern on a large surface.While this technique registered first successes in the past, it has so far only worked for short wave UV radiation and visible light, researchers said. Less reflected light also means that moths are able to use practically all the scarce night-time light to see. The corneas of these mostly nocturnal insects reflect almost no incoming light.This magic from the world of insects inspired scientists to try the same tactics for the design of optical components. As the light passes through this boundary layer, its refractive index changes continuously, starting from the ambient air to the materials of the outer moth eye layers. The columns are not high enough to reach the 99.This gradual refractive index change has the effect that the layer hardly reflects any of the incoming light. Instead of coating a surface, they manipulate the surface itself.end-of.

Until then, the columns etched out of the surface were at most 500 nanometres high.The group fine-tuned their procedures and found a way to increase the size of the deposited gold particles, etching out columns as high as 2,000 nanometres.'Inspired by moth eyes, scientists have developed a new technology that manipulates surfaces to make them 'invisible' across a wider wavelength range.They took a page out of the design book for moth cornea. In the future, the nano structured surfaces may improve high-energy lasers as well as touch-screens and the output of solar # modules, researchers said.The columns look like regularly spaced stalagmites on a cavern floor. Like the corneas of moths, the components must allow light to pass through while light reflection is of little use. By comparison with conventional procedures, this provides the desired anti-reflective effect across a wider wavelength range. They are only a few hundred nanometres high and taper conically towards the tip," physicist Zhaolu Diao said. In this pattern, the gold particles settle in the points of crossroad.

In the future, it is planned to disseminate this light also within a European network. With a linewidth of only 10 mHz, the laser that researchers from the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) have now developed together with US researchers from JILA, a joint institute of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the University of Colorado, Boulder, has established a new world record. For researchers, this is a measure for the light wave&China led Tri proof lights39;s regular frequency and linewidth. The thermal noise of the silicon body is so low that the length fluctuations observed only originate from the thermal noise of the dielectric SiO2/Ta2O5 mirror layers. Within the scope of a nearly 10-year-long joint project with the US colleagues from JILA in Boulder, Colorado, a laser has now been developed at PTB whose linewidth is only 10 mHz (0. With novel crystalline mirror layers and lower temperatures, the disturbing thermal noise can be further reduced. The results have been published in the current issue of "Physical Review Letters".

"The smaller the linewidth of the laser, the more accurate the measurement of the atom's frequency in an optical clock. Lasers have brought about a real revolution in many fields of research and in metrology – or even made some new fields possible in the first place. More than 50 years have passed since the first technical realization of the laser, and we cannot imagine how we could live without them today. Similar to an organ pipe, the resonator length determines the frequency of the wave which begins to oscillate, i.Lasers were once deemed a solution without problems – but that is now history. At PTB, the ultrastable light from these lasers is already being distributed via optical waveguides and is then used by the optical clocks in Braunschweig. This length corresponds to nearly ten times the distance between the Earth and the moon. Although the mirror layers are only a few micrometers thick, they dominate the resonator's length stability., the light wave inside the resonator. Its extent depends on the materials used to build the resonator as well as on the resonator's temperature.

This precision is useful for various applications such as optical atomic clocks, precision spectroscopy, radioastronomy and for testing the theory of relativity. In total, the resonator length, however, only fluctuates in the range of 10 attometers.01 Hz), hereby establishing a new world record. 3. The linewidth could then even become smaller than 1 mHz.In addition to the new laser’s extremely small linewidth, Legero and his colleagues found out by means of measurements that the emitted laser light's frequency was more precise than what had ever been achieved before.The scientists at PTB had to isolate the resonator nearly perfectly from all environmental influences which might change its length.The core piece of each of the lasers is a 21-cm long Fabry-Pérot silicon resonator. The resonator consists # of two highly reflecting mirrors which are located opposite each other and are kept at a fixed distance by means of a double cone. This plan would allow even more precise comparisons between the optical clocks in Braunschweig and the clocks of our European colleagues in Paris and London", Legero says.